10 vaccines to be given after a baby is born

10 vaccines to be given after a baby is born


According to WHO,” a vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. It typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins.” In other words, the agent basically stimulates the body’s immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and “remember” it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters. Thus one must not neglect the important of vaccine for a good health and body.

Here is a list of 10 important vaccines which must be given after a baby is born.

10. Pneumococcal vaccines:

(Minimum age: 6 weeks for PCV13, 2 years for PPSV23)

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Pneumococcal vaccine is an immunization against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacterium that frequently causes meningitis and pneumonia in the elderly, and people with chronic illnesses. It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system.

9. Tetanus and diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine:

(Minimum age: 10 years for Boostrix, 11 years for Adacel)

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The Tdap is a “3-in-1″ vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus (lockjaw), and pertussis (whooping cough). Td vaccine is a “2-in-1″ vaccine that protects against tetanus and diphtheria. The Tdap and Td vaccines are made from dead (inactivated) bacteria. So the vaccines will not make a person sick from the diseases they are protecting against. After getting either vaccine, the body learns to attack the bacteria if a person is exposed to them.

8. Influenza vaccines:

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The flu is a respiratory disease that spreads easily. It is caused by an influenza virus. The flu vaccine (also called the influenza vaccine) is available by shot or by nasal spray. The flu shot contains dead viruses. The nasal-spray vaccine contains live but weakened viruses. You cannot get the flu from the flu shot or the nasal-spray vaccine.

The flu vaccine is given at the beginning of the flu season, usually in October or November. The flu shot is safe for children 6 months of age and older. The nasal spray vaccine is safe for children 2 years of age and older. Because flu viruses change from year to year, it is very important for your child to get the vaccine each year so that he or she will be protected.

7. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine:

(Minimum age: 12 months)

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Measles causes fever, rash, cough, runny nose and watery eyes. It can also cause ear infections and pneumonia. Measles can also lead to more serious problems, such as brain swelling and even death. Mumps can lead to meningitis (infection of the coverings of the brain and spinal cord) and, very rarely, to brain swelling. The MMR vaccine protects against the measles, mumps and rubella. It’s given as 2 shots.

6. Varicella (VAR) vaccine:

(Minimum age: 12 months)

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The Varicella vaccine helps prevent chickenpox. It is given to children once after they are 12 months old or to older children if they have never had chickenpox or been vaccinated. The Varicella vaccine is given as a series of 2 shots.

These vaccines will help a child to live a normal, healthy life  and make his/her body immune and disease-resistant.

 5. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine:

(Minimum age: 6 weeks)

DTAP

DPT (also DTP and DTwP) refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious  diseases in humans: diphtheria,pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis (wP).

4. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine:

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The Hib vaccine prevents Hib disease. This illness can be severe and life-threatening. The illness:

  • Is caused by the bacterium called Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib for short)
  • Can affect the ears, brain, lungs, bones or joints, or blood
  • Commonly affects children 6 to 12 months old, but can occur in older children and adults who have certain medical conditions.

3. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV):

(Minimum age: 6 weeks)

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This is again one of the most essential vaccine a child must get. Also called the “Salk vaccine”, IPV consists of inactivated (killed) polio virus strains of all three polio virus types. IPV is given by intramuscular injection and needs to be administered by a trained health worker.

Advantages : As IPV is not a ‘live’ vaccine, it carries no risk of vaccine-associated polio paralysis. It triggers an excellent protective immune response in most people.

2. Rotavirus (RV) vaccine:

(Minimum age :6 weeks)

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A rotavirus vaccine protects children from rotaviruses, which are the leading cause of severe diarrhea among infants and young children. Rotavirus is highly contagious and resistant and, regardless of water quality and available sanitation, nearly every child in the world is at risk of infection.

1. Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine:  

(Minimum age: birth)

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Hepatitis B is a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the liver. The virus, which is called hepatitis B virus (HBV), can cause lifelong infection, cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure, and death. Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine developed for the prevention of hepatitis B virus infection. The vaccine contains one of the viral envelope proteins, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A course of two to three (2–3) vaccine injection are given, the second injection at least one month after the first dose and the third injection being administered six months after the first dose.